BOATS AND STREAMS

The following terms are frequently used in the problems on boats and streams.

(a) Still water:
It implies that the speed of water in the river is zero.

(i) Motion In Still Water:
When an object is moving in water where there is no motion in water, the object can move in any direction with a uniform speed, then the object is said to be moving in still water.

(b) Stream water:
It implies that the water in the river is moving.

(c).In water ,the direction along the stream is called downstream and, the direction against the stream is called upstream.


Formulas:

1. If the speed of a boat in still water is u km/hr and the speed of the stream is v km/hr,then:

Speed downstream = (u + v) km/hr.

Speed upstream = (u - v) km/hr.


2. If the speed downstream is a km/hr and the speed upstream is b km/hr,then :

Speed in still water = 1/2 (a + b) km/hr.

Rate of stream = 1/2 (a - b) km/hr.

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